Robotics on a Shoestring: Building a Functional Bot for Under $100

Building a robot doesn't have to be expensive. With careful component selection and smart design choices, you can create a functional bot for under $100. Whether you're a beginner or an experienced maker, budget-friendly robotics projects are a great way to learn the fundamentals of electronics, programming, and mechanical design without breaking the bank.

The first step is selecting an affordable microcontroller. The Arduino Uno or ESP8266 are great low-cost options, offering sufficient processing power for basic robotic tasks. Next, you’ll need motors—continuous rotation servos or DC motors with an H-bridge motor driver are cost-effective choices. For power, rechargeable lithium-ion batteries or simple AA battery packs will do the job.

To add intelligence to your bot, use inexpensive ultrasonic sensors like the HC-SR04 for obstacle avoidance or infrared sensors for line-following capabilities. A simple chassis can be built from household materials like cardboard, plastic, or repurposed toy parts. Online communities provide free 3D-printable designs if you have access to a 3D printer.

By focusing on modularity, you can start with a basic bot and upgrade it over time. Adding extra sensors, improving motor control, or integrating Bluetooth connectivity are all possible future enhancements. With careful planning and resourcefulness, you can create a fully functional robot on a tight budget while still learning valuable skills in robotics and programming.